The region of Lakonia is located between two mountain ranges, Taygetus to the west and Parnon to the east. They are separated by the fertile valley of Evrotas, the only large river in Lakonia that flows into the Lakonic bay. The Taygetus range ends in the Mani peninsula and specifically in Cape Tenaro, while the Parnon range lies along the same direction ending in Epidavros Limira and in Cape Maleas.
The Lakonian coastline expands along the Messenian and Lakonic bays, as well as the Myrtoon Sea. In the eastern end of the Lakonic bay, off the coastline lies the island of Elafonisos.
The prevailing climate in the area is the standard Mediterranean climate, characterised by mild winters and long, hot, dry summers.